Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI)

Intracytoplasmic sperm injection is a type of In vitro fertilization (IVF). This method is used when there is male factor infertility involved. Just like IVF, intracytoplasmic sperm injection is a complex process which involves retrieving the eggs from the woman’s ovaries. After retrieving the eggs it involves injecting a single live sperm in a single egg ensuring the fertilization. The resulting embryos are transferred back inside the woman’s uterus after some days.

Who needs ICSI?

Intracytoplasmic sperm injection is indicated in couples who have

  • Low sperm count, motility or quality
  • Obstruction of the male genital tract
  • Retrograde ejaculation
  • Woman’s age more than 35 years
  • Previous IVF failure
  • Previously frozen eggs or sperms
  • Unexplained infertility
What happens during an IVF procedure?

After the initial evaluation and counselling, the ICSI treatment is started. During ICSI treatment the following happens

  • Ovarian stimulation: The first step in the IVF process is stimulation of the ovaries with hormonal injections, wherein, multiple follicle development takes place.
  • Egg retrieval: When the follicles have reached the appropriate dimensions egg retrieval is done transvaginally using ultrasound guidance under anaesthesia.
  • Fertilization: A single egg is held in place and a single sperm is injected inside the egg under the guidance of high-resolution microscope which is a high precision procedure.
  • Embryo culture: In the next 5- 6 days the development of embryos is carefully observed.
  • Embryo transfer: Once the embryos are formed, they are transferred back in to the uterus. The embryo transfer can be fresh or frozen.
  • Pregnancy test: Pregnancy test is performed 11-14 days after the embryo transfer.
What are the risks and benefits of IVF?
  • The success rate of ICSI is higher as compared to IVF.
  • There is a possibility of damaging the eggs